Redis常用命令
Redis提供了丰富的命令对数据库和各种数据库类型进行操作，这些命令可以再Linux终端使用。
键值相关命令：
Keys:返回满足给定pattern的所有key
用表达式*表示取出所有的key
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "age"
2) "name"
3) "age2"
127.0.0.1:6379> keys a*
1) "age"
2) "age2"
127.0.0.1:6379>
Exists:确认一个key是否存在
127.0.0.1:6379> exists name
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> exists toto
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379>
del:删除一个key.
127.0.0.1:6379> set toto1 toto
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "age2"
3) "age"
4) "toto1"
127.0.0.1:6379> del toto1 //删除toto1这个键。
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> del toto1 //再次删除的时候删除不成功
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> exists toto1 //
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "age2"
3) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379>
expire:设置一个key的过期时间
在本例中，设置addr这个key的过期时间是10秒，然后不断的用ttl来获取这个key的有效时长，直至-1，说明此值已过期。
expiree addr 10表示：对addr设置过期时间为10秒。
ttl查询剩余的过期时间,当返回-1的时候表示已经过期了。
127.0.0.1:6379> set age 20 //设置一个key为age的值。
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get age
"20"
127.0.0.1:6379> expire age 10
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) 8
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> exists age
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> keys * //查看age是否还存在
1) "name"
2) "age2"
127.0.0.1:6379>
move:将当前数据库中的key转移到其它数据库中。
选择数据库，要用到select,select 0表示选择到当前数据库。Select 1表示第二个数据库，一共是从0到15个数据库，总共是16个数据库。（注意，进入redis的时候默认进入的是0数据库）
127.0.0.1:6379> select 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set age 30
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get age
"30"
127.0.0.1:6379> move age 1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get age
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> get age
"30"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
persist:移除给定key的过期时间
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> expire age 300 //设置age的过期时间为300
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age
(integer) 297
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age
(integer) 293
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> persist age //取消age的过期
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> ttl age
(integer) -1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> exists age
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
randomkey:随机返回key空间的一个key
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "gender"
2) "name"
3) "address"
4) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey //随机获得一个key
"gender"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey
"address"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> randomkey
"gender"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
rename:重命名key
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "gender"
2) "name"
3) "address"
4) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> rename age nianling 将age这个key重新命名为nianling
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "gender"
2) "name"
3) "address"
4) "nianling"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
type:返回键的数据类型
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> type name
string
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
服务器的相关命令
ping:测试连接是否存活
echo:在命令行打印一些内容
127.0.0.1:6379> echo toto
"toto"
127.0.0.1:6379> echo toto2
"toto2"
select:选择数据库.Redis数据库编号从0~15，我们可以选择任意一个数据库来进行数据的存取。
当选择16时，报错，说明没有编号为16的这个数据库。
quit:退出连接，或者exit
dbsize:返回当前数据库中key的数目。
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "age2"
2) "name"
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 2 //返回0表示有2个key
127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "gender"
2) "name"
3) "address"
4) "nianling"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> dbsize
(integer) 4 //返回4表示有4个key
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
info:获取服务器的信息和统计
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> info
# Server
redis_version:2.8.19
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:b80fb73838c77f5a
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.4.7
process_id:5136
run_id:607e299bec2e4e492d138ee1a5a29871d0062e24
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:2863
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:14609760
config_file:
# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0
# Memory
used_memory:504152
used_memory_human:492.34K
used_memory_rss:7958528
used_memory_peak:504152
used_memory_peak_human:492.34K
used_memory_lua:35840
mem_fragmentation_ratio:15.79
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0
# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:8
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1423893041
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:40
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:969
total_net_output_bytes:584
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:7
keyspace_misses:1
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0
# CPU
used_cpu_sys:3.51
used_cpu_user:0.93
used_cpu_sys_children:0.00
used_cpu_user_children:0.00
# Keyspace
db0:keys=2,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
db1:keys=4,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
config get:实时传储收到的请求。
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get *
1) "dbfilename"
2) "dump.rdb"
3) "requirepass"
4) ""
5) "masterauth"
6) ""
7) "unixsocket"
8) ""
9) "logfile"
10) ""
11) "pidfile"
12) "/var/run/redis.pid"
13) "maxmemory"
14) "0"
15) "maxmemory-samples"
16) "3"
17) "timeout"
18) "0"
19) "tcp-keepalive"
20) "0"
21) "auto-aof-rewrite-percentage"
22) "100"
23) "auto-aof-rewrite-min-size"
24) "67108864"
25) "hash-max-ziplist-entries"
26) "512"
27) "hash-max-ziplist-value"
28) "64"
29) "list-max-ziplist-entries"
30) "512"
31) "list-max-ziplist-value"
32) "64"
33) "set-max-intset-entries"
34) "512"
35) "zset-max-ziplist-entries"
36) "128"
37) "zset-max-ziplist-value"
38) "64"
39) "hll-sparse-max-bytes"
40) "3000"
41) "lua-time-limit"
42) "5000"
43) "slowlog-log-slower-than"
44) "10000"
45) "latency-monitor-threshold"
46) "0"
47) "slowlog-max-len"
48) "128"
49) "port"
50) "6379"
51) "tcp-backlog"
52) "511"
53) "databases"
54) "16"
55) "repl-ping-slave-period"
56) "10"
57) "repl-timeout"
58) "60"
59) "repl-backlog-size"
60) "1048576"
61) "repl-backlog-ttl"
62) "3600"
63) "maxclients"
64) "4064"
65) "watchdog-period"
66) "0"
67) "slave-priority"
68) "100"
69) "min-slaves-to-write"
70) "0"
71) "min-slaves-max-lag"
72) "10"
73) "hz"
74) "10"
75) "repl-diskless-sync-delay"
76) "5"
77) "no-appendfsync-on-rewrite"
78) "no"
79) "slave-serve-stale-data"
80) "yes"
81) "slave-read-only"
82) "yes"
83) "stop-writes-on-bgsave-error"
84) "yes"
85) "daemonize"
86) "no"
87) "rdbcompression"
88) "yes"
89) "rdbchecksum"
90) "yes"
91) "activerehashing"
92) "yes"
93) "repl-disable-tcp-nodelay"
94) "no"
95) "repl-diskless-sync"
96) "no"
97) "aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync"
98) "yes"
99) "aof-load-truncated"
100) "yes"
101) "appendonly"
102) "no"
103) "dir"
104) "/usr/local/redis/bin"
105) "maxmemory-policy"
106) "volatile-lru"
107) "appendfsync"
108) "everysec"
109) "save"
110) "3600 1 300 100 60 10000"
111) "loglevel"
112) "notice"
113) "client-output-buffer-limit"
114) "normal 0 0 0 slave 268435456 67108864 60 pubsub 33554432 8388608 60"
115) "unixsocketperm"
116) "0"
117) "slaveof"
118) ""
119) "notify-keyspace-events"
120) ""
121) "bind"
122) ""
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get timeout
1) "timeout"
2) "0"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
flushdb:删除当前选择数据库中的所有key（也就是说flushdb的作用是清空当前数据库）
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set age 20
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name zhangsan
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set gender male
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "name"
2) "gender"
3) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>
flushall:删除所有数据库中的所有key(这个命令不管你在哪个数据库中执行，都会把所有数据库中的所有key都删除掉)。
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "name"
2) "age"
3) "age2"
127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set age 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> set name zhangsan 左侧用来确定0 和 1 数据库是否有key
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "name"
2) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> dbsize
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> flushall //执行了flushall之后0和1数据库都变成空了
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> select 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379>
相关资源：NoSQL数据库之Redis视频教程（8集）
