十三、 Android 中的 IPC 方式(5) --- 使用 Android 四大组件之一 ContentProvider(内容提供器)

    xiaoxiao2023-10-16  25

        ContentProvider 是 Android 中的四大组件之一,同时也是 Android 系统中的 IPC 方式之一。ContentProvider 的使用一般有两种情况:

        1. 使用现有的内容提供器来读取和操作相应程序中的数据。比如我们的应用通过 ContentProvider 访问 Android 系统自带的通讯录应用,并获取通讯录中的联系人信息。

        2. 我们在应用中自定义一个内容提供器并提供外部访问接口,供别的应用获取我们提供的数据。

        ContentProvider 的使用:

        1. 访问内容提供器中共享的数据,关键就是使用 ContentResolver 类。所以首先就要获取该类的实例:

    // 通过 Context 中的 getContentResolver() ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();

        2. 使用 ContentResolver 类中提供的 insert()、update()、delete()、query() 方法对数据进行 CRUD 操作。

    // 添加数据 public final Uri insert(Uri url, ContentValues values) {    ... } // 更新数据 public final int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where, String[] selectionArgs) {     ... } // 删除数据 public final int delete(Uri url, String where, String[] selectionArgs) {     ... } // 查询数据 public final Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, tring sortOrder) {     ... }

        Uri 参数解释:

        我们可以看到上面的增删查改方法都需要接收一个 Uri 参数。这个参数被称为内容 URI。它为内容提供器中的数据建立了唯一标识符。它主要由两部分组成: authority 和 path。authority 是用于对不同的应用程序做区分的,一般都采用该应用程序的包名作为前缀。path 则用于对同一应用程序中不同的表做区分的,通常都会添加到 authority 的后面。由于是内容 URI,所以通常我们还会在它们的最前面加上 "content://" 这样的协议声明,所以内容 URI 标准的格式写法如下:

    // 通过命名我们就可以看出我们要访问的是包名为 com.cfm.contentprovider 的应用,内容提供器名为 provider 中的表 table1 和 表 table2 中的数据 content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1 content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table2

        除此之外,我们还可以在内容 URI 后面加上一个 id:

    // 表示调用方期望访问的是 com.cfm.contentprovider 这个应用的 table1 表中 id 为 1 的数据 content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1/1   // 通配符 "*" 表示匹配任意长度的任意字符,所以下面这个就表示匹配指定应用中的任意表的内容 URI content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/* // 通配符 "#" 表示匹配任意长度的数字,所以下面这个就表示匹配指定应用中的 table1 表中的任意一行数据的内容 URI content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1/#

        上面说的是内容 URI,接着我们还需要将它解析成 Uri 对象才可以作为参数传输,解析的方法也很简单,使用 Uri.parse() 即可:

    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1");

        ContentValues 参数解释:

    public final class ContentValues implements Parcelable { ... }

        可以看到该类实现了 Parcelable 接口,所以可以跨进程传输。它的作用就是封装我们待操作的数据,然后跨进程对内容提供器中的数据进行相应的操作。使用如下:

    ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); values.put("key1", "value1"); values.put("key2", "value2"); contentResolver.insert(uri, values);  // 向目标内容提供器中插入数据

        query() 方法参数解释:

        uri:指定查询某个应用程序下的某一张表。

        projection:指定查询的列名。null 表示查询所有列。

        selection:指定 where 的约束条件。

        selectionArgs:为 where 中的占位符提供具体的值。

        sortOrder:指定查询结果的排序方式。

        该方法返回的是一个 Cursor 对象,然后我们通过该对象可以逐个将数据读取出来。

    eg:

    if( cursor != null ){     while( cursor.moveToNext() ){         String column1 = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("column1"));         int column2 = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("column2"));     }     cursor.close(); }

    eg1: 使用现成的内容提供器,并访问它里面的数据:

    下面看一个实例,读取系统通讯录中联系人:

    MainActivity.java:

    package com.cfm.contentprovidertest; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {     private static final String TAG = "cfmtest";     private ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter;     // 存储读取到的联系人信息     private List<String> mContactsList = new ArrayList<>();     @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);         ListView contactView = findViewById(R.id.contacts_view);         mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this, android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, mContactsList);         contactView.setAdapter(mAdapter);         // 动态申请读取联系人权限         if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){             ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{ Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS }, 1);         }else {             readContacts();         }     }     private void readContacts() {         Cursor cursor = null;         try{             // 返回通讯录中所有的联系人信息             cursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);             if(cursor != null){                 while (cursor.moveToNext()){                     // 获取联系人姓名                     String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME));                     // 获取联系人手机号码                     String phoneNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));                     // 添加到 list 容器中,然后显示出来                     mContactsList.add(name + "\n" + phoneNum);                     Log.d(TAG, "Name: " + name + " ,Numer: " + phoneNum);                 }                 mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();             }         }catch (Exception e){             e.printStackTrace();         }finally {             if (cursor != null) {                 cursor.close();             }         }     }     @Override     public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {         switch (requestCode){             case 1:                 if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){                     readContacts();                 }else {                     Toast.makeText(this, "权限不允许!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                 }                 break;         }     } }

    activity_main.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:layout_height="match_parent"     tools:context=".MainActivity">    <ListView        android:id="@+id/contacts_view"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"/> </LinearLayout>

    AndroidManifest.xml:

    ... <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/> ...

    Log 打印信息:

    2019-05-23 21:21:07.056 28987-28987/com.cfm.contentprovidertest D/cfmtest: Name: 匪警 ,Numer: 11011 0 2019-05-23 21:21:07.057 28987-28987/com.cfm.contentprovidertest D/cfmtest: Name: 火警 ,Numer: 11911 9 2019-05-23 21:21:07.058 28987-28987/com.cfm.contentprovidertest D/cfmtest: Name: 急救中心 ,Numer: 12012 0

    如何自己创建一个内容提供器:

    1. 新建一个继承自 ContentProvider 的类,并实现 ContentProvider 类中 6 个抽象方法:

    package com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest; public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider {     /**      * 初始化内容提供器,通常在这里完成对数据库的创建升级等操作,      * 返回 true 表示内容提供器初始化成功,返回 false 则表示失败。      * 这个方法运行在主线程中,所以这里不能执行耗时操作,其余五个      * 方法运行在 Binder 线程池中。      * */     @Override     public boolean onCreate() {         return false;     }     @Override     public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {         return null;     }     @Override     public String getType(Uri uri) {         return null;     }     @Override     public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {         return null;     }     @Override     public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {         return 0;     }     @Override     public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {         return 0;     } }

        getType() 方法解释:

        它的作用是根据传入的内容 URI 来返回相应的 MIME 类型。一个内容 URI 所对应的 MIME 字符串主要由 3 部分组成,Android 对这 3 个部分做了如下格式规定:

        1. 必须以 vnd 开头。

        2. 如果内容 URI 以路径结尾,则后接 "android.cursor.dir/",如果内容 URI 以 id 结尾,则后接 "android.cursor.item/"。

        3. 最后接上: vnd.<authority>.<path>。

        eg:

    // 结合上面 getType() 方法的解释 内容 URI 为: content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1,对应的 MIME 类型为: vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1 内容 URI 为: content://com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1/1,对应的 MIME 类型为: vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.cfm.contentprovider.provider/table1/1

    2. 借助 UriMatcher 这个类完成匹配请求端传过来的内容 URI,然后返回相应的数据,主要有两个方法 addURI() 和 match():

    // 这个方法接收 3 个参数,可以分别把 authority、path 和 一个自定义参数传进去。 // 当调用 UriMatcher.match() 方法时,就可以将一个 对象传入,然后返回值是 // 某个能够匹配这个 Uri 对象所定义的那个自定义参数的值。利用这个参数的值我们 // 就可以判断出调用方期望访问的是哪张表中的数据了。 UriMatcher.addURI(); 

    3. 实现完整自定义的 ContentProvider:

    package com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest; public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider {     // UriMatcher.addURI() 方法中自定义的参数     public static final int TABLE1_DIR = 0;  // 返回 TABLE1 的整张表     public static final int TABLE1_ITEM = 1; // 返回 TABLE1 的表中某个 id 的数据(也就是某一项)     public static final int TABLE2_DIR = 2;  // 返回 TABLE2 的整张表     public static final int TABLE2_ITEM = 3; // 返回 TABLE2 的表中某个 id 的数据(也就是某一项)     private static UriMatcher sUriMatcher;     static {         sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);         sUriMatcher.addURI("com.cfm.contentprovider", "table1", TABLE1_DIR);         sUriMatcher.addURI("com.cfm.contentprovider", "table1/#", TABLE1_ITEM);         sUriMatcher.addURI("com.cfm.contentprovider", "table2", TABLE2_DIR);         sUriMatcher.addURI("com.cfm.contentprovider", "table2/#", TABLE2_ITEM);     }     ...     @Override     public String getType(Uri uri) {         Log.d(TAG, "getType, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             case BOOK_DIR:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.book";             case BOOK_ITEM:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.book";             case USER_DIR:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.user";             case USER_ITEM:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.user";         }         return null;     } }

        最后注意,当请求端请求的是 TABLE1_ITEM 和 TABLE2_ITEM 类型的单条数据时,我们可以使用 Uri.getPathSegments() 方法,它会将内容 URI 权限之后的部分以 "/" 符号进行分割,并把分割后的结果放入到一个字符串列表中,所以我们要想获得它请求访问哪一个 id,可以这样使用:

    String id = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);

     

    自定义内容提供器实例:

    DbOpenHelper.java:(要操作的数据库)

    package com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest; public class DbOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {     // 数据库名称为 "book_provider.db" ; 里面包含两个表: "book"、"user"     private static final String DB_NAME = "book_provider.db";     public static final String BOOK_TABLE_NAME = "book";     public static final String USER_TABLE_NAME = "user";     private static final int DB_VERSION = 1;     // 创建表 "book"     private String CREATE_BOOK_TABLE = "create table " + BOOK_TABLE_NAME + " (" +             "id integer primary key autoincrement, "+ "name text)";     // 创建表 "user"     private String CREATE_USER_TABLE = "create table " + USER_TABLE_NAME + " (" +             "id integer primary key autoincrement, "+ "name text, dream text)";     public DbOpenHelper(Context context){         super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);     }     @Override     public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {         db.execSQL(CREATE_BOOK_TABLE);         db.execSQL(CREATE_USER_TABLE);     }     @Override     public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {     } }

    BookProvider.java:(自定义的内容提供器)

    package com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest; public class BookProvider extends ContentProvider {     private static final String TAG = "cfmtest";     // UriMatcher.addURI() 方法中自定义的参数     public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;  // 返回 BOOK 的整张表     public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1; // 返回 BOOK 的表中某个 id 的数据(也就是某一项)     public static final int USER_DIR = 2;  // 返回 USER 的整张表     public static final int USER_ITEM = 3; // 返回 USER 的表中某个 id 的数据(也就是某一项)     public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider";     private static UriMatcher sUriMatcher;     private DbOpenHelper dbHelper;     static {         sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);         sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_DIR);         sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book/#", BOOK_ITEM);         sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "user", USER_DIR);         sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "user/#", USER_ITEM);     }     @Override     public boolean onCreate() {         Log.d(TAG, "onCreate, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         dbHelper = new DbOpenHelper(getContext());         return true;     }     @Override     public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {         Log.d(TAG, "query, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         // 查询数据         SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();         Cursor cursor = null;         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             // 这里是使用了 SQLite 数据库的查询             case BOOK_DIR:                 cursor = db.query("book", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);                 break;             case BOOK_ITEM:                 String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 cursor = db.query("book", projection, "id = ?", new String[]{ bookId }, null, null, sortOrder);                 break;             case USER_DIR:                 cursor = db.query("user", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);                 break;             case USER_ITEM:                 String userId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 cursor = db.query("user", projection, "id = ?", new String[]{ userId }, null, null, sortOrder);                 break;             default:                 break;         }         return cursor;     }     @Override     public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {         Log.d(TAG, "insert, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         // 添加数据         SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();         Uri uriReturn = null;         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             // 这里是使用了 SQLite 数据库的插入             case BOOK_DIR:             case BOOK_ITEM:                 long newBookId = db.insert("book", null, values);                 uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + newBookId);                 break;             case USER_DIR:             case USER_ITEM:                 long newUserId = db.insert("user", null, values);                 uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/user/" + newUserId);                 break;             default:                 break;         }         return uriReturn;     }     @Override     public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {         Log.d(TAG, "delete, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         // 删除数据         SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();         int deletedRows = 0;         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             case BOOK_DIR:                 deletedRows = db.delete("book", selection, selectionArgs);                 break;             case BOOK_ITEM:                 String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 deletedRows = db.delete("book", "id = ?", new String[]{ bookId });                 break;             case USER_DIR:                 deletedRows = db.delete("user", selection, selectionArgs);                 break;             case USER_ITEM:                 String userId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 deletedRows = db.delete("user", "id = ?", new String[]{ userId });                 break;             default:                 break;         }         return deletedRows;     }     @Override     public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {         Log.d(TAG, "update, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         // 更新数据         SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();         int updatedRows = 0;         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             case BOOK_DIR:                 updatedRows = db.update("book", values, selection, selectionArgs);                 break;             case BOOK_ITEM:                 String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 updatedRows = db.update("book", values, "id = ?", new String[]{bookId});                 break;             case USER_DIR:                 updatedRows = db.update("user", values, selection, selectionArgs);                 break;             case USER_ITEM:                 String userId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 updatedRows = db.update("user", values, "id = ?", new String[]{userId});                 break;             default:                 break;         }         return updatedRows;     }     @Override     public String getType(Uri uri) {         Log.d(TAG, "getType, current Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());         switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {             case BOOK_DIR:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.book";             case BOOK_ITEM:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.book";             case USER_DIR:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.user";             case USER_ITEM:                 return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider.user";         }         return null;     } }

    ProviderActivity.java:(远程客户端)

    package com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest; public class ProviderActivity extends AppCompatActivity {     private static final String TAG = "cfmtest";     private String newBookId;     private String newUserId;     @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_provider);         Button addData = findViewById(R.id.add_data);         Button queryData = findViewById(R.id.query_data);         Button updateData = findViewById(R.id.update_data);         Button deleteData = findViewById(R.id.delete_data);         addData.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {             @Override             public void onClick(View v) {                 // 添加数据                 Uri uri1 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/book");                 Uri uri2 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/user");                 ContentValues values1 = new ContentValues();                 values1.put("name", "Android");                 ContentValues values2 = new ContentValues();                 values2.put("name", "cfm");                 values2.put("dream", "world peace!");                 Uri newBookUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri1, values1);                 Uri newUserUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri2, values2);                 if (newBookUri != null) {                     newBookId = newBookUri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 }                 if (newUserUri != null) {                     newUserId = newUserUri.getPathSegments().get(1);                 }             }         });         queryData.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {             @Override             public void onClick(View v) {                 // 查询数据                 Uri uri1 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/book");                 Uri uri2 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/user");                 Cursor cursor1 = getContentResolver().query(uri1, null, null, null, null);                 Cursor cursor2 = getContentResolver().query(uri2, null, null, null, null);                 if(cursor1 != null){                     while (cursor1.moveToNext()){                         String bookName = cursor1.getString(cursor1.getColumnIndex("name"));                         Log.d(TAG, "书名: " + bookName);                     }                     cursor1.close();                 }                 if(cursor2 != null){                     while (cursor2.moveToNext()){                         String userName = cursor2.getString(cursor2.getColumnIndex("name"));                         String userDream = cursor2.getString(cursor2.getColumnIndex("dream"));                         Log.d(TAG, "姓名: " + userName + " ,梦想: " + userDream);                     }                     cursor2.close();                 }             }         });         updateData.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {             @Override             public void onClick(View v) {                 // 更新数据                 Uri uri1 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/book/" + newBookId);                 Uri uri2 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/user/" + newUserId);                 ContentValues values1 = new ContentValues();                 values1.put("name", "New Android");                 getContentResolver().update(uri1, values1, null, null);                 ContentValues values2 = new ContentValues();                 values2.put("name", "ym");                 values2.put("dream", "New World Peace!");                 getContentResolver().update(uri2, values2, null, null);             }         });         deleteData.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {             @Override             public void onClick(View v) {                 // 删除数据                 Uri uri1 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/book/" + newBookId);                 Uri uri2 = Uri.parse("content://com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider/user/" + newUserId);                 getContentResolver().delete(uri1, null, null);                 getContentResolver().delete(uri2, null, null);             }         });     } }

    AndroidManifest.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"           package="com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest">     <uses-permission android:name="com.cfm.PROVIDER"/>     <application         android:allowBackup="true"         android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"         android:label="@string/app_name"         android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"         android:supportsRtl="true"         android:theme="@style/AppTheme">         <activity android:name=".ProviderActivity">             <intent-filter>                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>             </intent-filter>         </activity>         <provider             android:authorities="com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest.bookprovider"             android:name=".BookProvider"             android:permission="com.cfm.PROVIDER"             android:process=":remote"/>     </application> </manifest>

    Log 打印信息:

    // 按 addButton 2019-05-24 22:33:05.419 31980-31980/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: onCreate, current Thread: main 2019-05-24 22:33:05.428 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: insert, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:33:05.478 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: insert, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 // 按 queryButton 2019-05-24 22:33:20.937 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: query, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:33:20.949 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: query, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:33:20.956 31909-31909/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest D/cfmtest: 书名: Android 2019-05-24 22:33:20.959 31909-31909/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest D/cfmtest: 姓名: cfm ,梦想: world peace! // 按 updateButton 2019-05-24 22:33:50.663 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: update, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:33:50.675 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: update, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 // 按 queryButton 2019-05-24 22:34:05.207 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: query, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:34:05.223 31980-31994/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest:remote D/cfmtest: query, current Thread: Binder:31980_3 2019-05-24 22:34:05.230 31909-31909/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest D/cfmtest: 书名: New Android 2019-05-24 22:34:05.233 31909-31909/com.cfm.customcontentprovidertest D/cfmtest: 姓名: ym ,梦想: New World Peace!

        这里我们需要注意,query、update、insert、delete 四大方法是存在多线程并发访问的,所以我们在该方法内部要做好线程同步。我们这里使用的是 SQLite 并且只有一个 SQLiteDatabase 的连接,所以可以正确应对多线程的情况。这是因为在 SQLiteDatabase 内部对数据库的操作有同步处理,但是如果通过多个 SQLiteDatabase 对象来操作数据库就无法保证线程同步,因为 SQLiteDatabase 对象之间无法进行线程同步。如果 ContentProvider 的底层数据集是一块内存的话,比如 List,在这种情况下操作 List 的遍历、插入、删除操作就需要进行线程同步,否则就会引发并发错误。

        ContentProvider 除了支持对数据源的增删改查四个操作,还支持自定义调用,这个过程通过 ContentResolver 的 Call 方法和 ContentProvider 的 Call 方法来完成。

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