MyBatis学习总结(六)

    xiaoxiao2021-04-16  315

    MyBatis一对一关联

    创建数据库

    写两个数据库,一个老师一个教室,使老师成为教室的外键。

    create table classroom( c_id int PRIMARY KEY auto_increment, c_name varchar(20), teacher_id int ); CREATE table teacher( t_id INT PRIMARY KEY auto_increment, t_name VARCHAR(20) ); ALTER TABLE classroom ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id); INSERT into teacher(t_name) values('易老师'); INSERT into teacher(t_name) VALUES('而老师'); INSERT into classroom(c_name,teacher_id) values('教室1',1); INSERT into classroom(c_name,teacher_id) VALUES('教室2',2);

    创建实体类

    Classroom.java

    package com.mb.one_one; public class Classroom { private int id; private String name; /** * class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性, * 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的 */ private Teacher teacher; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Teacher getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } @Override public String toString() { return "Classroom{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", teacher=" + teacher + '}'; } }

    Teacher.java

    package com.mb.one_one; public class Teacher { private int id; // t_id===》id private String name; // t_name===》name public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Teacher{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + '}'; } }

    创建classMapper.xml映射文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <!-- mapper:根标签 namespace:命名空间 随便写,随便起名,保证命名空间唯一,建议写地址,包+文件名 --> <!-- namespace命名空间,作用就是对sql进行分类化管理,理解sql隔离 注意:使用mapper代理方法开发,namespace有特殊重要的作用 --> <mapper namespace="com.mb.one_one.classMapper"> <!-- 在映射文件中配置很多sql语句--> <!-- 需求:通过id查询用户表的记录 --> <!--通过select执行数据库查询 id:标识映射文件中的sql, 将sql语句封装到mappedStatement对象中,所以将id称为statement的id parameterType:制定输入参数的类型,这里制定ing型 #{}表示一个占位符号 #{id}:其中的id表示接受输入的参数,参数名称就是id,如果输入参数就是简单类型,#{}中的参数名可以任意,可以value或其他名称 resultType:指定sql输入结果的所映射的Java对象,select指定resultType表示将单条记录映射成Java对象。 --> <!-- 根据id查询我们数据库的信息,我们分三个,1是直接查询,但是因为实体类的属性名和数据库的字段名对应不上的原因, 因此无法查询出对应的记录,结果应该是null --> <!-- 根据学生id信息查询学生信息(和负责老师) --> <!-- 两种方法 1. 联表查询 嵌套结果:使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集,封装联表查询的数据(去除重复的数据)--> <select id="getClassroom1" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap" > select * from classroom c,teacher t WHERE c.teacher_id=t_id AND c.c_id=#{id} </select> <!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段名的关系--> <resultMap id="classroomResultMap" type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom"> <id property="id" column="c_id" /> <result property="name" column="c_name" /> <association property="teacher" javaType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher"> <id property="id" column="t_id" /> <result property="name" column="t_name" /> </association> </resultMap> <!-- 2. 执行两次查询 嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型--> <select id="getClassroom2" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap2" > select * FROM classroom where c_id=#{id} </select> <!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 --> <resultMap type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom" id="classroomResultMap2"> <id property="id" column="c_id"/> <result property="name" column="c_name"/> <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" select="getTeacher"/> </resultMap> <select id="getTeacher" parameterType="int" resultType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher"> SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id} </select> </mapper>

    注册classMapper.xml文件

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 加载属性文件--> <properties resource="db.properties"> <!-- properties中还可以配置一些属性名和属性值--> <!-- <property name="jdbc.driver" value=""/>--> </properties> <!-- 别名定义--> <typeAliases> <!--针对单个别名定义 type:类型的路径 alias:别名 --> <!-- <typeAlias type="com.mb.domain.User" alias="user" />--> <!-- 批量定义别名--> <!-- 指定报名,mybatis主动把扫描包中的类,自动定义别名,别名就是类型(首字母不分大小写)--> <package name="com.mb.domain" /> </typeAliases> <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"/> <!-- 配置数据库连接信息 --> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <mappers> <!-- 加载映射文件 --> <mapper resource="com/mb/mapping/userMapper.xml" /> <!-- 注册UserMapper映射接口 --> <mapper class="com.mb.mapping.UserMapperI" /> <!-- 注册result_Mapper.xml 文件 --> <mapper resource="com/mb/result_class/result_Mapper.xml" /> <!-- 注册classMapper.xml文件--> <mapper resource="com/mb/one_one/classMapper.xml" /> </mappers> </configuration>

    编写测试类Test_Classroom.java

    package com.mb.one_one; import com.mb.util.MyBatisUtil; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; public class Test_Classroom { /**一对一查询 方式一测试方法*/ public void testGetClassroom1(){ SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true); String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom1"; Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1); sqlSession.close(); System.out.println(classroom); } /**一对一查询 方式二测试方法*/ public void testGetClassroom2(){ SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true); String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom2"; Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,1); sqlSession.close(); System.out.println(classroom); } public static void main(String[] args){ Test_Classroom test_classroom=new Test_Classroom(); test_classroom.testGetClassroom1(); test_classroom.testGetClassroom2(); } }

    运行结果:

    MyBatis一对多关联

    创建数据库

    CREATE TABLE student( s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, s_name VARCHAR(20), classroom_id INT ); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生1',1); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生2',1); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生3',2); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生4',2); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生5',2); insert INTO student(s_name,classroom_id) values('学生6',1);

    将学生表和教室表连接起来,形成一个教室表,对应两个表的查询。

    创建Student.java实体类

    package com.mb.one_two; import com.mb.one_one.Classroom; public class Student { private int id; private String name; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + '}'; } }

    修改Classroom类,添加一个List student属性,表示教室拥有学生

    package com.mb.one_one; import com.mb.one_two.Student; import java.util.List; public class Classroom { private int id; private String name; /** * class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性, * 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个教室是由哪个老师负责的 */ private Teacher teacher; //使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生 private List<Student> student; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Teacher getTeacher() { return teacher; } public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) { this.teacher = teacher; } public List<Student> getStudent() { return student; } public void setStudent(List<Student> student) { this.student = student; } @Override public String toString() { return "Classroom{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", teacher=" + teacher + ", student=" + student + '}'; } }

    修改classMapper.XML映射文件

    把下面的代码添加到映射文件后面就可以

    <!-- 一对多关联查询 --> <!-- 根据教室id查询教室和学生 --> <!-- 方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集 --> <select id="getClassroom3" parameterType="int" resultMap="classroomResultMap3" > select * from classroom c,student s,teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=s.classroom_id and c.c_id=#{id} </select> <resultMap id="classroomResultMap3" type="com.mb.one_one.Classroom" > <id property="id" column="c_id" /> <result property="name" column="c_name" /> <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="com.mb.one_one.Teacher" > <id property="id" column="t_id" /> <result property="name" column="t_name" /> </association> <!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 --> <collection property="student" ofType="com.mb.one_two.Student" javaType="List" > <id property="id" column="s_id" /> <result property="name" column="s_name" /> </collection> </resultMap>

    MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询,ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。

    编写测试文件Test_One_Two.java

    package com.mb.one_two; import com.mb.one_one.Classroom; import com.mb.util.MyBatisUtil; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; public class Test_One_Two { public void testGetClassroom3(){ SqlSession sqlSession= MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true); String statement = "com.mb.one_one.classMapper.getClassroom3"; Classroom classroom=sqlSession.selectOne(statement,2); sqlSession.close(); System.out.println(classroom); } public static void main(String[] args){ Test_One_Two test_one_two=new Test_One_Two(); test_one_two.testGetClassroom3(); } }

    测试结果: 为了截图方便,toString方法中我加入了换行,以上的代码中我没有加入。 一对多关联查询还有一种方法,之后我会再加上。


    最新回复(0)