Linux 下 MySQL 5.7安装、运行

1、安装之前先删除已有版本MySQL 先查询 rpm -qa|grep mariadb rpm -qa|grep mysql 再删除 rpm -e --nodeps [粘贴上述命令列出的内容]

安装libaio

yum install libaio

2、下载版本 地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/ 选择版本：5.7.25 选择Linux Generic，X86_64 通过加压tar包的方式进行安装 wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

3、创建mysql用户、组 先确认用户、组是否存在 cat /etc/group | grep mysql cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql 创建组 groupadd mysql 创建用户 useradd -g mysql mysql 如有必要可设置mysql用户密码

4、解压文件，目标目录/usr/local/mysql 这不是rpm等安装包，而是解压安装模式，所以这没什么好说的

5、创建相应的数据、日志目录，并更改所属的组和用户

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/db/mysql/ log-error = /data/db/mysql/logs/error.log

mkdir -p /data/db/mysql mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/logs 更改所属的组和用户 chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql /data/db/mysql chgrp -R mysql /data/db/mysql

6、修改/etc/my.cnf 没有的话拷贝一份到/etc下

[client] port = 3306 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysqld] #skip-grant-tables #修改时区 default-time_zone = '+8:00' user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock server-id = 1 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/db/mysql/ log-error = /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log character_set_server = utf8mb4 collation_server = utf8mb4_bin back_log = 1024 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ON lower_case_table_names = 0 sql_mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION max_connections = 2000 max_connect_errors = 1000000 table_open_cache = 1024 max_allowed_packet = 64M max_heap_table_size = 256M tmp_table_size = 256M thread_stack = 256K thread_cache_size = 384 skip-external-locking interactive_timeout = 600 wait_timeout = 3600 log_timestamps = SYSTEM log-error = /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log log_output=file slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 2 log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.log expire-logs-days = 14 max-binlog-size = 500M default_storage_engine = InnoDB #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size = 384M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_purge_threads = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 128M innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer = 4M write_buffer = 4M

7、初始化MySQL 初始化mysql，会在datadir目录下生成mysql的数据文件 执行以下命令

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/db/mysql --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/data/db/mysql

如果不成功，查找问题，重来。

8、设置MySQL开机启动 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 修改权限 chown 777 /etc/my.cnf chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld

9、运行MySQL service mysqld start | stop | status

10、加入环境变量 vi /etc/profile

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin/

source /etc/profile

11、其他

update user set authentication_string=password('.嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻) where User='root'; update user set password_expired='N' where user='root'; CREATE USER 'test'@'114.%' IDENTIFIED BY '嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻嘻'; flush privileges;

12、修改时区

set global time_zone = '+8:00'; set time_zone = '+8:00'; flush privileges;

13、MySQL表分区

ALTER TABLE test partition by hash(year(record_date)) PARTITIONS 8; 移除分区：ALTER TABLE test REMOVE PARTITIONING ;

14、mysql_config_editor mysql_config_editor允许你把登录的身份验证信息存储在一个名为.mylogin.cnf的文件里

mysql_config_editor set --login-path=login-backup --user=user_backup --password --host=localhost