SpringBoot定时器（Spring quartz）

一、组成：

Quartz 设计的核心类包括 Scheduler, Job 以及 Trigger。其中，Job 负责定义需要执行的任务，Trigger 负责设置调度策略，Scheduler 将二者组装在一起，并触发任务开始执行。

1、job:使用者只需要创建一个 Job 的继承类，实现 execute 方法

2、JobDetail 负责封装 Job 以及 Job 的属性，并将其提供给 Scheduler 作为参数。每次 Scheduler 执行任务时，首先会创建一个 Job 的实例，然后再调用 execute 方法执行。Quartz 没有为 Job 设计带参数的构造函数，因此需要通过额外的 JobDataMap 来存储 Job 的属性。JobDataMap 可以存储任意数量的 Key，Value 对。存：

JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap(); jobDataMap .put("myDescription", "my job description"); jobDataMap .put("myValue", 1998); ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); list.add("item1"); jobDataMap .put("myArray", list);

取：

 

@Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { //从context中获取instName，groupName以及dataMap String instName = context.getJobDetail().getName(); String groupName = context.getJobDetail().getGroup(); JobDataMap dataMap = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap(); //从dataMap中获取myDescription，myValue以及myArray String myDescription = dataMap.getString("myDescription"); int myValue = dataMap.getInt("myValue"); ArrayList<String> myArray = (ArrayListlt;Strin>) dataMap.get("myArray"); System.out.println(" Instance =" + instName + ", group = " + groupName + ", description = " + myDescription + ", value =" + myValue + ", array item0 = " + myArray.get(0)); }

二、代码简单实现：比如这里启动两个定时Job

1、pom:

<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- quartz --> <dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId> <version>2.2.3</version> </dependency> </dependencies>

2、启动类：

package com.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class JobStart { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(JobStart.class, args); } }

 3、两个job:

package com.demo.job; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; /** * * @Description: 需要执行的内容 */ public class MyJob implements Job{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd : hh:mm:ss"); String str = dateFormat.format(new Date()); System.err.println("MyJob当前时间:"+str); } } package com.demo.job; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; /** * * @Description: 需要执行的内容 */ public class MyJob1 implements Job{ @Override public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd : hh:mm:ss"); String str = dateFormat.format(new Date()); System.out.println("MyJob1当前时间:"+str); } }

4、触发器：

package com.demo.job; import java.util.Date; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.Job; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.SimpleTrigger; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.quartz.TriggerKey; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Factory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @Description:job触发器，触发MyJob执行 */ @Component public class JobScheduler { @Autowired private Scheduler scheduler; //在@PostConstruct之前执行 @Bean public Scheduler scheduler() throws SchedulerException{ SchedulerFactory schedulerFactoryBean = new StdSchedulerFactory(); return schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler(); } @PostConstruct public void init() throws SchedulerException{ System.err.println("执行"); //创建两个job //没10s运行一次MyJob String cron = "0/10 0/1 * * * ? "; addJob(cron,MyJob.class,"key1"); //没5s运行一次MyJob1 String cron1 = "0/5 0/1 * * * ? "; addJob(cron1,MyJob1.class,"key2"); scheduler.start(); } private void addJob(String cron, Class<? extends Job> clazz,String jobId) throws SchedulerException { //创建一个jobDetail的实例，将该实例与目标Job Class绑定 JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(clazz).withIdentity(JobKey.jobKey(jobId)).build(); //cron表达式 TriggerBuilder<Trigger> builder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .withIdentity(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobId)); //现在执行 builder.startAt(new Date()); Trigger trigger = builder.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cron)).build(); //创建schedule实例 scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger); } }

 @PostConstruct注解的方法全局只会执行一次，故可以充当main方法，去触发job。这里在init方法中创建了两个job。

运行启动类：

三、动态定时：

quartz支持job的增删改：

新增一个Job：

private void addScheduleJob(Job job) throws SchedulerException { String jobGroup = String.format("group-%s", job.getJobName()); JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(ExecuteJob.class) .withIdentity(JobKey.jobKey(String.format("job-%s", job.getId()), jobGroup)) .build(); JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap(); jobDataMap.put("jobId", job.getId()); jobDataMap.put("processId", job.getProcessId()); TriggerBuilder<Trigger> builder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .withIdentity(TriggerKey.triggerKey(String.format("trigger-%s", job.getId()), jobGroup)); if (new Date().before(job.getStartTime())) { builder.startAt(job.getStartTime()); } else { builder.startNow(); } Trigger trigger = builder.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression())).build(); scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); }

删除一个job：

/** * 删除job调度任务 */ public void deleteJob(Job job) throws SchedulerException { String jobGroup = String.format("group-%s", job.getJobName()); String jobName = String.format("job-%s", job.getId()); String triggerName = String.format("trigger-%s", job.getId()); TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(triggerName, jobGroup); JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(jobName, jobGroup); scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey); scheduler.unscheduleJob(triggerKey); scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey); logger.info("删除job调度"); }

修改一个job：

 

/** * 修改job调度任务 */ public void updateJob(Job job) throws SchedulerException { String jobGroup = String.format("group-%s", job.getJobName()); //String jobName = String.format("job-%s", job.getId()); String triggerName = String.format("trigger-%s", job.getId()); TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(triggerName, jobGroup); TriggerBuilder<Trigger> builder = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() .withIdentity(TriggerKey.triggerKey(String.format("trigger-%s", job.getId()), jobGroup)); if (new Date().before(job.getStartTime())) { builder.startAt(job.getStartTime()); } else { builder.startNow(); } Trigger trigger = builder.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression())).build(); scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger); logger.info("修改Job调度"); }

这里把定时的相关参数全部放在数据库中， 见下一篇博客。