redis.conf中的maxmemory定义REdis可用最大物理内存,有多种书写方式,以下均为合法:
maxmemory 1048576
maxmemory 1048576B
maxmemory 1000KB
maxmemory 100MB
maxmemory 1GB
maxmemory 1000K
maxmemory 100M
maxmemory 1G
没有带单位尾巴的为字节数,以B结尾的表示相应的大小。但需要注意KB和K、MB和M、GB和G是不同的,如1K表示1000字节,而1KB则为1024字节。如果maxmemory值为0,表示不做限制。
如果是32位系统,当maxmemory值为0时,redis启动时会记录WARN日志:
Warning: 32 bit instance detected but no memory limit set. Setting 3 GB maxmemory limit with 'noeviction' policy now.
并强制将最大内存设置为3GB,同时将内存策略设置为MAXMEMORY_NO_EVICTION(超出maxmemory后,所有写操作失败,读操作成功):
server.maxmemory = 3072LL*(1024*1024); /* 3 GB */
server.maxmemory_policy = MAXMEMORY_NO_EVICTION;
如果设置的maxmemory小于1MB,则redis启动时记录如下日志:
WARNING: You specified a maxmemory value that is less than 1MB (current value is %llu bytes). Are you sure this is what you really want?
相关的源代码如下:
/* Convert a string representing an amount of memory into the number of
* bytes, so for instance memtoll("1Gb") will return 1073741824 that is
* (1024*1024*1024).
*
* On parsing error, if *err is not NULL, it's set to 1, otherwise it's
* set to 0. On error the function return value is 0, regardless of the
* fact 'err' is NULL or not. */
long long memtoll(const char *p, int *err) {
const char *u;
char buf[128];
long mul; /* unit multiplier */
long long val;
unsigned int digits;
if (err) *err = 0;
/* Search the first non digit character. */
u = p;
if (*u == '-') u++;
while(*u && isdigit(*u)) u++;
if (*u == '\0' || !strcasecmp(u,"b")) { // 调用strcasecmp不区分大小比较
mul = 1;
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"k")) {
mul = 1000; // 不带尾巴B或b的
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"kb")) {
mul = 1024; // 带尾巴B或b的
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"m")) {
mul = 1000*1000; // 不带尾巴B或b的
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"mb")) {
mul = 1024*1024; // 带尾巴B或b的
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"g")) {
mul = 1000L*1000*1000; // 不带尾巴B或b的
} else if (!strcasecmp(u,"gb")) {
mul = 1024L*1024*1024; // 带尾巴B或b的
} else {
if (err) *err = 1;
return 0;
}
/* Copy the digits into a buffer, we'll use strtoll() to convert
* the digit (without the unit) into a number. */
digits = u-p;
if (digits >= sizeof(buf)) {
if (err) *err = 1;
return 0;
}
memcpy(buf,p,digits);
buf[digits] = '\0';
char *endptr;
errno = 0;
val = strtoll(buf,&endptr,10);
if ((val == 0 && errno == EINVAL) || *endptr != '\0') {
if (err) *err = 1;
return 0;
}
return val*mul;
}
// 有关REdis内存策略的实现,请参见REdis源码文件evict.c。
如果没有禁用config命令,则可用它动态实时修改maxmemory的值,如将maxmemory设置为15GB:
redis-cli -h 192.168.31.8 -p 6379 config set maxmemory 15GB
如果要查看maxmemory的值,有如下两种方法:
redis-cli -h 192.168.31.8 -p 6379 config get maxmemory
或
redis-cli -h 192.168.31.8 -p 6379 info memory | grep maxmemory
由于REdis一般占大内存,所以通常需要关闭系统的OOM,方法为将“/proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory”的值设置为1(通常不建议设置为2),也可以使用命令sysctl设置,如:sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1,但注意一定要同时修改文件/etc/sysctl.conf,以便得系统重启后仍然生效:
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.overcommit_memory=1
修改sysctl.conf后,需要执行“sysctl -p”以使生效。