Django项目中多数据库配置遇到的问题

之前的文章配置了mysql和oracle数据库，但是今天切换数据库时发现无论运行什么命令

django自带的一些数据库表都不会被创建，感觉是多数据库的配置有问题

下图是多数据配置的情况下，相关表无法创建到数据库中：

命令显示执行成功，但是数据库中只会创建migrations表，其他的表一个都不会创建

 为了排除问题，我就将setting文件中的多数据库配置全部去掉

然后只保留了default的数据库配置，代码如下：

""" Django settings for multiple_database project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.1. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/ """ import configparser import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = 'qaplf-ft+g$=89ll-p4d8dxit+y_p)jqfr^^b$6)a-#2xrqlwr' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app_Mysql', 'app_Oracle', 'app_User' ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'multiple_database.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] WSGI_APPLICATION = 'multiple_database.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases config_init = configparser.ConfigParser() config_init.read(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.ini')) # config_Json = '' # with open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.json'), 'rt') as f: # config_Json = json.load(f) DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'HOST': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "host"), 'PORT': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "port"), 'NAME': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "name"), 'USER': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "user"), 'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "password") }, # 'db_Oracle': { # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.oracle', # 'HOST': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "host"), # 'PORT': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "port"), # 'NAME': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "name"), # 'USER': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "user"), # 'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "password") # }, } # DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['multiple_database.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter'] # # # appName,dbName # DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = { # 'app_Mysql': 'default', # 'app_Oracle': 'db_Oracle', # } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/ USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8" # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' # 密码加密规则 # PASSWORD_HASHERS = [ # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.Argon2PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher', # ] # # # 用户权限验证 # AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS =[ # 'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend' # ] # 未登录，重定向页面 # LOGIN_URL = '/user/login'

然后删除数据库中所有的表结构，重新执行下面的命令：

python manage.py migrate 

 然后数据库就会创建我们需要使用到的一些django自带表结构：

当然，多数据还是要继续使用的，于是重新修改setting文件为原来的多数据配置

 

""" Django settings for multiple_database project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.1. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/ """ import configparser import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = 'qaplf-ft+g$=89ll-p4d8dxit+y_p)jqfr^^b$6)a-#2xrqlwr' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app_Mysql', 'app_Oracle', 'app_User' ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'multiple_database.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] WSGI_APPLICATION = 'multiple_database.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases config_init = configparser.ConfigParser() config_init.read(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.ini')) # config_Json = '' # with open(os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'config/config.json'), 'rt') as f: # config_Json = json.load(f) DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'HOST': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "host"), 'PORT': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "port"), 'NAME': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "name"), 'USER': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "user"), 'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Mysql-Database", "password") }, 'db_Oracle': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.oracle', 'HOST': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "host"), 'PORT': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "port"), 'NAME': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "name"), 'USER': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "user"), 'PASSWORD': config_init.get("Oracle-Database", "password") }, } DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['multiple_database.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter'] # # appName,dbName DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = { 'app_Mysql': 'default', 'app_Oracle': 'db_Oracle', } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/ USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans' DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8" # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' # 密码加密规则 # PASSWORD_HASHERS = [ # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.MD5PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.PBKDF2SHA1PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.Argon2PasswordHasher', # # 'django.contrib.auth.hashers.BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher', # ] # # # 用户权限验证 # AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS =[ # 'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend' # ] # 未登录，重定向页面 # LOGIN_URL = '/user/login'

验证多数据库是否可用，在某个models.py文件中添加以下内容：

from django.db import models class Demo(models.Model): l_unit_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True) class Meta: db_table = 'T_Demo'

执行同步命令：

ok，所需要的表创建成功，所需要的django自带表创建成功

 

最后发现，如果要使用多数据库，且要使用系统提供的例如admin模块的数据库表时，

则要在多数据库配置前就要把相应的表给生成，否则就会出现，语句打出，数据库不能生成的问题