Windows实验四总结（记事本）

xiaoxiao2022-07-06 186

实验四真的是自己做的最墨迹的一次实验了，要求是做一个类似记事本，但功能不要求全部实现。

这是一张系统自带记事本的图

这是自己做出来的

这是自己做出来的记事本的图

实现的功能：1.文件部分：打开文件，保存文件，关闭文件（我查到用RichTextBox保存另存为啥的都一句话的事，但当时快交作业了懒得改了，没做另存为文件，后期再改进吧）

2.操作功能：剪切，复制，粘贴，查找，替换，加下划线，加粗，文字变斜体，更改字号，更改颜色，靠左对齐，居中对齐，靠右对齐，全选

1.打开文件

private void MOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来打开文件的 DialogResult ans; openFileDialog1.Filter = "所有*txt文件|*.txt";//筛选只要txt文件 openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "D://";//初始化打开路径 ans = openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();//打开文件 if (ans == DialogResult.OK)//如果用户点击了OK，就一个一个字节的将文本读入 { richTextBox1.Text = " "; fn = openFileDialog1.FileName; FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite); long n = fs.Length; byte[] b = new byte[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//按字节读入 { b[i] = Convert.ToByte(fs.ReadByte()); } richTextBox1.Text = Encoding.Default.GetString(b); fs.Close(); } }

①要创建一个openFileDialog，注意这个组件的过滤器功能（Filter）和初始化功能（InitialDirectory）

②要注意窗口打开后的那个写法，就背下来就好if(ans=DialogResult.OK)

③文件流部分分三步，创建流，读/写文件，关闭流，缺一不可

④为了解决中文乱码问题需要转码，这个和java里用RandomAccessFile流是一个道理，这个也背下来就行

⑤c#里类型转换用的是Convert.

2.保存文件

private void MSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来保存文件的 if (fn == null) MessageBox.Show("请先打开文件"); else { FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write); byte[] b = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(richTextBox1.Text);//把字符串编成字节 for (int i = 0; i < b.Length; i++) fs.WriteByte(b[i]); fs.Close(); } }

逻辑：要想保存文件首先要有已经打开的文件，要是没有已经打开的文件要用MessageBox.Show来提示，然后创建写文件流来将文件写回去，这里也涉及到转码的问题，将文件内容转换到字节数组里，再一个一个字节的写回文件。最后关闭流。

3.退出按钮

private void MExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是退出按钮 // this.Close(); }

直接将当前的窗口关闭了。

4.查找

private void MFind_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Form2 fr = new Form2(richTextBox1); fr.ShowDialog(); } public partial class Form2 : Form { private RichTextBox richTextBox2; public Form2() { InitializeComponent(); } public Form2(RichTextBox richTextBox1) { InitializeComponent(); richTextBox2 = richTextBox1; } private void Form2_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } int start = 0; int search = 0;//查询的个数 private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int pos = richTextBox2.Text.IndexOf(textFind.Text,start); DialogResult ans; if (pos != -1) { richTextBox2.SelectionStart = pos; richTextBox2.SelectionLength = textFind.Text.Length; search++; start = pos + textFind.Text.Length; } else { if(search==0) { ans=MessageBox.Show("没有查找到！"); } else { ans=MessageBox.Show("已经查找到末尾！"); start = 0; search = 0; Focus(); } } } private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } }

①窗口跳转：首先要新建一个Form2,然后在Form1里面的按钮Click事件里创建一个Form2对象，把想传过去的参数传过去，然后显示Form2，在Form2里要新建一个你跟你传过来的参数一样的组件（比如这里传的是RichTextBox），然后新建一个初始化函数，把新组件和旧组件的内容弄一样了就可以了。

②查找，主要就是三个函数IndexOf,SelectionStart,SelectionLength,注意在那个Form1里要把HideSelection那个属性改成false,要不然你查找到的东西不会底色变蓝！(这个改了好久问同学才知道，老师明明讲过都怪自己不好好记笔记)

5.替换（替换的本质和查找差不多，找到了就换了呗）

private void MReplace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Form3 fr = new Form3(richTextBox1); fr.ShowDialog(); } private RichTextBox richTextBox3;//新建一个该类中的要操作的对象 public Form3()//Form3的无参构造函数 { InitializeComponent(); } public Form3(RichTextBox richTextBox1)//Form3的有参构造函数，将第一个界面中的文本框作为参数传进来 { InitializeComponent(); richTextBox3 = richTextBox1; } private void Button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } int start = 0; int search = 0; private void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int pos = richTextBox3.Text.IndexOf(textBox1.Text,start);//从起始位置开始搜索 DialogResult ans; if (pos != -1) { richTextBox3.SelectionStart = pos; richTextBox3.SelectionLength = textBox1.Text.Length; search++; start = pos + textBox1.Text.Length; } else { if (search == 0) { ans = MessageBox.Show("没有查找到！"); } else { if (search == 0) { ans = MessageBox.Show("没有查找到！"); } else { ans = MessageBox.Show(string.Format("已经查找到末尾！共找到{0}个结果", search), "查找结果", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning); if (ans == DialogResult.Yes) { search = 0; start = 0; Focus(); } } } } } int start2 = 0; private void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是替换按钮功能的实现 int pos = richTextBox3.Text.IndexOf(textBox2.Text, start2); richTextBox3.SelectedText=textBox2.Text; start2 = pos + textBox2.Text.Length; } int start1 = 0; private void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是全部替换按钮功能的实现 int pos = richTextBox3.Text.IndexOf(textBox1.Text, start1);//从起始位置开始搜索 if (pos != -1) { richTextBox3.SelectionStart = pos; richTextBox3.SelectionLength = textBox1.Text.Length; search++; start1 = pos + textBox1.Text.Length; richTextBox3.Text = richTextBox3.Text.Replace(richTextBox3.SelectedText, textBox2.Text); } } }

6.布局组件：最上面一栏叫MenuStrip,它下面那栏叫toolStrip

7.一种奇妙的颜色盘叫colorDialog

8.剩下的复制剪切粘贴就一句话的事，把函数记清。

完整代码如下

Form1.cs

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO; namespace win_lib4_new { public partial class Form1 : Form { private string fn; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void ToolStripComboBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void 查看VToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } /*-----------文件按钮：打开保存文件，退出-----------*/ private void MOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来打开文件的 DialogResult ans; openFileDialog1.Filter = "所有*txt文件|*.txt";//筛选只要txt文件 openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "D://";//初始化打开路径 ans = openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();//打开文件 if (ans == DialogResult.OK)//如果用户点击了OK，就一个一个字节的将文本读入 { richTextBox1.Text = " "; fn = openFileDialog1.FileName; FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite); long n = fs.Length; byte[] b = new byte[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//按字节读入 { b[i] = Convert.ToByte(fs.ReadByte()); } richTextBox1.Text = Encoding.Default.GetString(b); fs.Close(); } } private void MOpen_2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来打开文件的，和上一个按钮一样 DialogResult ans; ans = openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();//打开文件 openFileDialog1.Filter = "所有*txt文件|*.txt";//筛选只要txt文件 openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "D://";//初始化打开路径 if (ans == DialogResult.OK)//如果用户点击了OK，就一个一个字节的将文本读入 { richTextBox1.Text = " "; fn = openFileDialog1.FileName; FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite); long n = fs.Length; byte[] b = new byte[n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//按字节读入 { b[i] = Convert.ToByte(fs.ReadByte()); } richTextBox1.Text = Encoding.Default.GetString(b); fs.Close(); } } private void MSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来保存文件的 if (fn == null) MessageBox.Show("请先打开文件"); else { FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write); byte[] b = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(richTextBox1.Text);//把字符串编成字节 for (int i = 0; i < b.Length; i++) fs.WriteByte(b[i]); fs.Close(); } } private void MSave_2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来保存文件的，和上一个按钮一样 if (fn == null) MessageBox.Show("请先打开文件"); else { FileStream fs = new FileStream(fn, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write); byte[] b = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(richTextBox1.Text);//把字符串编成字节 for (int i = 0; i < b.Length; i++) { fs.WriteByte(b[i]); } fs.Close(); } } private void MCut_2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是剪切按钮 richTextBox1.Cut(); } private void MCopy_2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是复制按钮 richTextBox1.Copy(); } private void MPaste_2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是黏贴按钮 richTextBox1.Paste(); } private void MExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是退出按钮 // this.Close(); } private void MCut_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.Cut(); } private void MCopy_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.Copy(); } private void MPaste_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.Paste(); } private void MFont_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void ToolStripMenuItem3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是黑色菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Black; MBlack.Checked = true; MMoreColor.Checked = false; MRed.Checked = false; MBlue.Checked = false; MGreen.Checked = false; MYellow.Checked = false; } bool un = false; private void MUnderline_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来将字体加上下划线的 if (un == false) { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Underline); un = true; } else { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Regular); un = false; } } bool it = false; private void MItalic_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来将字体变成斜体的 if (it == false) { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Italic); it = true; } else { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Regular); it = false; } } bool ov = false; private void MOverstriking_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这个按钮是用来将字体加粗的 if (ov == false) { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Bold); ov = true; } else { richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(this.Font.Name, this.Font.Size, FontStyle.Regular); ov = false; } } private void 黑体ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //黑体菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font("黑体", richTextBox1.Font.Size); MHei.Checked = true; MSong.Checked = false; MKai.Checked = false; MLi.Checked = false; } private void MSong_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //宋体菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font("宋体", richTextBox1.Font.Size); MSong.Checked = true; MHei.Checked = false; MKai.Checked = false; MLi.Checked = false; } private void MKai_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //楷书菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font("楷书", richTextBox1.Font.Size); MKai.Checked = true; MHei.Checked = false; MSong.Checked = false; MLi.Checked = false; } private void MLi_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //隶书菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font("隶书", richTextBox1.Font.Size); MLi.Checked = true; MHei.Checked = false; MKai.Checked = false; MSong.Checked = false; } private void 更多颜色选择ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { DialogResult ans; ans = colorDialog1.ShowDialog(); if (ans == DialogResult.OK) { richTextBox1.SelectionColor = colorDialog1.Color; } MMoreColor.Checked = true; MBlack.Checked = false; MRed.Checked = false; MBlue.Checked = false; MGreen.Checked = false; MYellow.Checked = false; } private void MFind_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Form2 fr = new Form2(richTextBox1); fr.ShowDialog(); } private void MFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void 帮助HToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void MReplace_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Form3 fr = new Form3(richTextBox1); fr.ShowDialog(); } private void MRed_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是红色菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Red; MRed.Checked = true; MBlack.Checked = false; MMoreColor.Checked = false; MBlue.Checked = false; MGreen.Checked = false; MYellow.Checked = false; } private void MBlue_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是蓝色菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Blue; MBlue.Checked = true; MRed.Checked = false; MBlack.Checked = false; MMoreColor.Checked = false; MGreen.Checked = false; MYellow.Checked = false; } private void MGreen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是绿色菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Green; MGreen.Checked = true; MRed.Checked = false; MBlack.Checked = false; MMoreColor.Checked = false; MBlue.Checked = false; MYellow.Checked = false; } private void MYellow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是黄色菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Yellow; MYellow.Checked = true; MRed.Checked = false; MBlack.Checked = false; MMoreColor.Checked = false; MBlue.Checked = false; MGreen.Checked = false; } private void ToolStripComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "6") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 6) ; else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "7") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 7); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "8") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 8); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "9") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 9); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "10") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 10); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "11") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 11); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "12") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 12); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "13") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 13); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "14") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 14); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "15") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 15); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "16") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 16); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "17") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 17); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "18") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 18); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "19") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 19); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "20") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 20); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "21") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 21); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "22") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 22); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "23") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 23); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "24") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 24); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "25") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 25); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "26") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 26); else if (toolStripComboBox1.Text == "27") richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 27); } private void ToolStripComboBox2_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "红色") richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Red; else if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "绿色") richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Green; else if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "黑色") richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Black; else if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "蓝色") richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Blue; else if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "黄色") richTextBox1.SelectionColor = Color.Yellow; else if (toolStripComboBox2.Text == "更多颜色选择") { DialogResult ans; ans = colorDialog1.ShowDialog(); if (ans == DialogResult.OK) { richTextBox1.SelectionColor = colorDialog1.Color; } } } private void 小6磅ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是小菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 6); MSmall.Checked = true; MMiddle.Checked = false; MBig.Checked = false; MSuperBig.Checked = false; } private void 中12磅ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是中菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 12); MMiddle.Checked = true; MSmall.Checked = false; MBig.Checked = false; MSuperBig.Checked = false; } private void 大18磅ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 18); MBig.Checked = true; MSmall.Checked = false; MMiddle.Checked = false; MSuperBig.Checked = false; } private void 超大24磅ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //这是超大菜单项对应的Click事件 richTextBox1.SelectionFont = new Font(richTextBox1.Font.FontFamily, 24); MSuperBig.Checked = true; MSmall.Checked = false; MMiddle.Checked = false; MBig.Checked = false; } //设置界面属性 private void setpos() { richTextBox1.Left = 0; richTextBox1.Top = toolStrip1.Height + menuStrip1.Height; richTextBox1.Width = this.ClientSize.Width; richTextBox1.Height = this.ClientSize.Height - menuStrip1.Height - toolStrip1.Height; } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { setpos(); } private void Form1_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { setpos(); } private void ToolStripButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //全选按钮 richTextBox1.SelectAll(); } private void MLeft_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left; } private void MCenter_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; } private void MRight_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { richTextBox1.SelectionAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right; } } }

Form1视图

Form2.cs

Form2的视图

Form3.cs

Form3视图

另外注意把按钮的ToolTipText记得改了，这样鼠标放上去会显示提示，不改就会很丑。

ps.这个博客纯粹是自己想总结一下当成一个学习笔记用的，写的时候可能没有那么严谨，就是把自己当时的一些思考的过程，总结的东西，放到这里，没想到有人会看。万一有错或者方法比较笨，看到的也麻烦告诉我一下，感谢~（还是觉得根本不会有人看hhh）

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