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该命令可以显示Pod创建时的配置定义、状态等信息和最近的Event事件,事件信息可用于排错。例如当Pod状态为Pending,可通过查看Event事件确认原因,一般原因有几种:
没有可用的Node可调度开启了资源配额管理并且当前Pod的目标节点上恰好没有可用的资源正在下载镜像(镜像拉取耗时太久)kubectl describe还可以查看其它k8s对象:NODE,RC,Service,Namespace,Secrets。
kubectl describe pod <PodName> --namespace=<NAMESPACE>
kubectl describe NODE
[plain] view plain copy Name: runtime2.foshan2.wae.haplat.net Labels: kubernetes.io/hostname=runtime2.foshan2.wae.haplat.net,namespace/test=true CreationTimestamp: Fri, 01 Apr 2016 17:34:16 +0800 Phase: Conditions: Type Status LastHeartbeatTime LastTransitionTime Reason Message ──── ────── ───────────────── ────────────────── ────── ─────── Ready True Sat, 08 Apr 2017 14:15:41 +0800 Sun, 26 Mar 2017 08:58:04 +0800 KubeletReady kubelet is posting ready status OutOfDisk False Sat, 08 Apr 2017 14:15:41 +0800 Fri, 01 Apr 2016 17:34:16 +0800 KubeletHasSufficientDisk kubelet hassufficient disk space available Addresses: 221.5.100.100,221.5.100.100 Capacity: memory: 134975102976 pods: 40 cpu: 32 System Info: Machine ID: 120de474f77e4d75a670a74eea6d1e45 System UUID: 1C929431-8D94-11E1-BD1D-001E6744D094 Boot ID: 2a154beb-86e4-40e3-acce-4f83b1ea5ed2 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 OS Image: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) Container Runtime Version: docker://1.8.2-el7.centos Kubelet Version: v1.1.1-wae2-12 Kube-Proxy Version: v1.1.1-wae2-12 ExternalID: runtime2.foshan2.wae.haplat.net Non-terminated Pods: (6 in total) Namespace Name CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits ───────── ──── ──────────── ────────── ─────────────── ───────────── acp acp-ui-1-4-0-16j3a 4 (12%) 4 (12%) 8589934592 (6%) 8589934592 (6%) acp acp-ui-1-4-1-kou20 4 (12%) 4 (12%) 8589934592 (6%) 8589934592 (6%) acp acp-ui-api-1-4-0-u3w4f 4 (12%) 4 (12%) 8589934592 (6%) 8589934592 (6%) cloud-eye cloud-eye-dim2-1-6-6-1-9g16i 4 (12%) 4 (12%) 34359738368 (25%) 34359738368 (25%) cloud-wst cloud-wst-ceba-1-12-0-1-hjdk2 2 (6%) 2 (6%) 8589934592 (6%) 8589934592 (6%) cms-fd cms-fd-schedule-3-9-1-3-wzqa1 8 (25%) 8 (25%) 21474836480 (15%) 21474836480 (15%) Allocated resources: (Total limits may be over 100%, i.e., overcommitted. More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/docs/user-guide/compute-resources.md) CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits ──────────── ────────── ─────────────── ───────────── 26 (81%) 26 (81%) 90194313216 (66%) 90194313216 (66%) No events.kubectl describe rc --namespace=rmp
[plain] view plain copy [root@node5 ~]# kubectl describe rc --namespace=rmp Name: rmp-web-2-15-3-1 Namespace: rmp Image(s): registry.wae.haplat.net/rmp/rmp-web:2.15.3-1 Selector: app=rmp-web,appVersion=2.15.3-1 Labels: app=rmp-web,appVersion=2.15.3-1,env=product,zone=foshan2 Replicas: 1 current / 1 desired Pods Status: 1 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed No volumes. No events.kubectl describe NAMESPACE
[plain] view plain copy [root@node5 ~]# kubectl describe NAMESPACE Name: acp Labels: <none> Status: Active Resource Quotas Resource Used Hard --- --- --- cpu 24 20 memory 51539607552 53687091200 persistentvolumeclaims 0 10 pods 6 10 replicationcontrollers 6 10 resourcequotas 1 1 secrets 2 10 services 6 10 No resource limits.kubectl describe Service --namespace=rmp
[plain] view plain copy [root@node5 ~]# kubectl describe Service --namespace=rmp Name: rmp-web-2-15-3-1 Namespace: rmp Labels: app=rmp-web,appVersion=2.15.3-1,waeEnv=product,waeZone=foshan2 Selector: app=rmp-web,appVersion=2.15.3-1 Type: ClusterIP IP: 10.254.201.163 Port: port-l7-tcp-80 80/TCP Endpoints: 10.0.68.240:80 Session Affinity: None No events.1、查看指定pod的日志
kubectl logs <pod_name>
kubectl logs -f <pod_name> #类似tail -f的方式查看
2、查看上一个pod的日志
kubectl logs -p <pod_name>
3、查看指定pod中指定容器的日志
kubectl logs <pod_name> -c <container_name>
[root@node5 ~] # kubectl logs --help Print the logs for a container in a pod. If the pod has only one container, the container name is optional. Usage: kubectl logs [-f] [-p] POD [-c CONTAINER] [flags] Aliases: logs, log Examples: # Return snapshot logs from pod nginx with only one container $ kubectl logs nginx # Return snapshot of previous terminated ruby container logs from pod web-1 $ kubectl logs -p -c ruby web-1 # Begin streaming the logs of the ruby container in pod web-1 $ kubectl logs -f -c ruby web-1 # Display only the most recent 20 lines of output in pod nginx $ kubectl logs -- tail =20 nginx # Show all logs from pod nginx written in the last hour $ kubectl logs --since=1h nginx在Linux系统上systemd系统来管理kubernetes服务,并且journal系统会接管服务程序的输出日志,可以通过systemctl status <xxx>或journalctl -u <xxx> -f来查看kubernetes服务的日志。
其中kubernetes组件包括:
kube-apiserver kube-controller-managerPod扩容相关或RC相关 kube-schedulerPod扩容相关或RC相关 kubeletPod生命周期相关:创建、停止等 etcd也可以通过指定日志存放目录来保存和查看日志
--logtostderr=false:不输出到stderr--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes:日志的存放目录--alsologtostderr=false:设置为true表示日志输出到文件也输出到stderr--v=0:glog的日志级别--vmodule=gfs*=2,test*=4:glog基于模块的详细日志级别kubectl describe <pod_name> --namespace=<NAMESPACE>
查看该POD的事件。
正在下载镜像但拉取不下来(镜像拉取耗时太久)[一般都是该原因]没有可用的Node可调度开启了资源配额管理并且当前Pod的目标节点上恰好没有可用的资源解决方法:
查看该POD所在宿主机与镜像仓库之间的网络是否有问题,可以手动拉取镜像删除POD实例,让POD调度到别的宿主机上kubectl get pods中Pod状态一会running,一会不是,且RESTARTS次数不断增加。
一般原因为容器启动命令不是阻塞式命令,导致容器运行后马上退出。
非阻塞式命令:
本身CMD指定的命令就是非阻塞式命令将服务启动方式设置为后台运行解决方法:
1、将命令改为阻塞式命令(前台运行),例如:zkServer.sh start-foreground
2、Java运行程序的启动脚本将 nohup xxx &的nobup和&去掉,例如:
nohup $JAVA_HOME/bin/java $JAVA_OPTS -cp $CLASSPATH com.cnc.open.processor.Main &
改为:
$JAVA_HOME/bin/java $JAVA_OPTS -cp $CLASSPATH com.cnc.open.processor.Main
文章参考:
《Kubernetes权威指南》
相关资源:敏捷开发V1.0.pptx