(1)桌面系统 [CentOS6] GNOME 2.x [CentOS7] GNOME 3.x（GNOME Shell）
(2)文件系统 [CentOS6] ext4 [CentOS7] xfs
(3)内核版本 [CentOS6] 2.6.x-x [CentOS7] 3.10.x-x
(4)启动加载器 [CentOS6] GRUB Legacy (+efibootmgr) [CentOS7] GRUB2
(5)防火墙 [CentOS6] iptables [CentOS7] firewalld
(6)默认数据库 [CentOS6] MySQL [CentOS7] MariaDB
(7)文件结构 [CentOS6] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64在/下 [CentOS7] /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64移到/usr下
(8)主机名 [CentOS6] /etc/sysconfig/network [CentOS7] /etc/hostname
(9)时间同步 [CentOS6] $ ntp $ ntpq -p
[CentOS7] $ chrony $ chronyc sources
(10)修改时间 [CentOS6] $ vim /etc/sysconfig/clock ZONE=“Asia/Tokyo” UTC=fales $ sudo ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime
[CentOS7] $ timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo $ timedatectl status
(11)修改地区 [CentOS6] $ vim /etc/sysconfig/i18n LANG=“ja_JP.utf8” $ /etc/sysconfig/i18n $ locale
[CentOS7] $ localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.utf8 $ localectl status
(12)服务相关
1）启动停止 [CentOS6] $ service service_name start $ service service_name stop $ service sshd restart/status/reload
[CentOS7] $ systemctl start service_name $ systemctl stop service_name $ systemctl restart/status/reload sshd
自启动 [CentOS6] $ chkconfig service_name on/off
[CentOS7] $ systemctl enable service_name $ systemctl disable service_name
服务一览 [CentOS6] $ chkconfig --list
[CentOS7] $ systemctl list-unit-files $ systemctl --type service
强制停止 [CentOS6] $ kill -9
[CentOS7] $ systemctl kill --signal=9 sshd
(13)网络
1）网络信息 [CentOS6] $ netstat $ netstat -I $ netstat -n
[CentOS7] $ ip n $ ip -s l $ ss
2）IP地址MAC地址 [CentOS6] $ ifconfig -a
[CentOS7] $ ip address show
3）路由 [CentOS6] $ route -n $ route -A inet6 -n
[CentOS7] $ ip route show $ ip -6 route show
(14)重启关闭
1）关闭 [CentOS6] $ shutdown -h now
[CentOS7] $ poweroff $ systemctl poweroff
2）重启 [CentOS6] $ reboot $ shutdown -r now
[CentOS7] $ reboot $ systemctl reboot
3）单用户模式 [CentOS6] $ init S
[CentOS7] $ systemctl rescue
4）启动模式 [CentOS6] [GUICUI] $ vim /etc/inittab id:3:initdefault: [CUIGUI] $ startx
[CentOS7] [GUICUI] $ systemctl isolate multi-user.target [CUIGUI] $systemctl isolate graphical.target 默认 $ systemctl set-default graphical.target $ systemctl set-default multi-user.target 当前 $ systemctl get-default
