Android 学习笔记(三)：拨打电话功能和获取运行时权限

一、页面简单的效果图

<TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/tishi" android:textSize="25sp" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText" android:layout_width="373dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:hint="@string/hint" android:text="" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnPhone" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:text="@string/btn_phone" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText" />

二、抽取的获取权限的类

安卓6.0之后要使用时要一个一个询问权限才行，故要创建此类

package com.example.phonecall; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.os.Build; import android.support.annotation.NonNull; import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.widget.Toast; /** * @author Admin * @version $Rev$ * @des ${TODO} * @updateAuthor $Author$ * @updateDes ${TODO} */ public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity { //**************** Android M Permission (Android 6.0权限控制代码封装) private int permissionRequestCode = 88; private PermissionCallback permissionRunnable; public interface PermissionCallback { void hasPermission(); void noPermission(); } /** * Android M运行时权限请求封装 * * @param permissionDes 权限描述 * @param runnable 请求权限回调 * @param permissions 请求的权限（数组类型），直接从Manifest中读取相应的值，比如Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS */ public void performCodeWithPermission(@NonNull String permissionDes, PermissionCallback runnable, @NonNull String... permissions) { if (permissions == null || permissions.length == 0) return; // this.permissionrequestCode = requestCode; this.permissionRunnable = runnable; if ((Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) || checkPermissionGranted(permissions)) { if (permissionRunnable != null) { permissionRunnable.hasPermission(); permissionRunnable = null; } } else { //permission has not been granted. requestPermission(permissionDes, permissionRequestCode, permissions); } } private boolean checkPermissionGranted(String[] permissions) { boolean flag = true; for (String p : permissions) { if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, p) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { flag = false; break; } } return flag; } private void requestPermission(String permissionDes, final int requestCode, final String[] permissions) { if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permissions)) { /*1. 第一次请求权限时，用户拒绝了，下一次：shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() 返回 true，应该显示一些为什么需要这个权限的说明 2.第二次请求权限时，用户拒绝了，并选择了“不在提醒”的选项时：shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() 返回 false 3. 设备的策略禁止当前应用获取这个权限的授权：shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale() 返回 false*/ // Provide an additional rationale to the user if the permission was not granted // and the user would benefit from additional context for the use of the permission. // For example, if the request has been denied previously. // Snackbar.make(getWindow().getDecorView(), requestName, // Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE) // .setAction(R.string.common_ok, new View.OnClickListener() { // @Override // public void onClick(View view) { // ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BaseAppCompatActivity.this, // permissions, // requestCode); // } // }) // .show(); //如果用户之前拒绝过此权限，再提示一次准备授权相关权限 new AlertDialog.Builder(this) .setTitle("提示") .setMessage(permissionDes) .setPositiveButton("授权", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BaseActivity.this, permissions, requestCode); } }).show(); } else { // Contact permissions have not been granted yet. Request them directly. ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BaseActivity.this, permissions, requestCode); } } private boolean shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(String[] permissions) { boolean flag = false; for (String p : permissions) { if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, p)) { flag = true; break; } } return flag; } /** * Callback received when a permissions request has been completed. */ @Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) { if (requestCode == permissionRequestCode) { if (verifyPermissions(grantResults)) { if (permissionRunnable != null) { permissionRunnable.hasPermission(); permissionRunnable = null; } } else { Toast.makeText(this, "暂无权限执行相关操作！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); if (permissionRunnable != null) { permissionRunnable.noPermission(); permissionRunnable = null; } } } else { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); } } public boolean verifyPermissions(int[] grantResults) { // At least one result must be checked. if (grantResults.length < 1) { return false; } // Verify that each required permission has been granted, otherwise return false. for (int result : grantResults) { if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { return false; } } return true; } //********************** END Android M Permission **************************************** }

三、主类中实现点击拨打电话

package com.example.phonecall; import android.Manifest; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity {//此处改为继承基础权限类 private Button mBtnPhone; private EditText mEditText; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mBtnPhone = findViewById(R.id.btnPhone);//获取拨打电话按钮 mEditText = findViewById(R.id.editText);//获取文本编辑框 //给按钮添加点击事件 mBtnPhone.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { performCodeWithPermission("获取拨号权限", new PermissionCallback() { @Override public void hasPermission() { //授予了拨号权限 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + mEditText.getText())); startActivity(intent); } @Override public void noPermission() { //未授予拨号权限 Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"未授予权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE); } }); } }

四、模拟器运行